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Po'pay, a Simple Man
Artist Statement
by Cliff Fragua


Po'pay
(2nd alabaster maquette)  by Cliff Fragua

"My rendition of Po'pay depicts a simple man, one who is concerned for survival of his family, his culture, and the history and beliefs of the Pueblo People.  His actions against the Spaniards were not acts of defiance, but rather, acts of survival.  In the eyes of the Pueblo People, the world would be doomed if the Spaniards were allowed to continue the suppression of the centuries-old Native religion and beliefs.  The songs and ceremonies had to be performed so the world would continue to spin and the rains would continue their blessings.

"Po'pay was not a trained fighter, but a man who tended gardens, hunted, and participated in the Kiva ceremonies.  He was a religious man who was responsible for making sure the ceremonial calendar was followed.  He was also responsible for the well-being of his family and community, and provided for them through his hunting and farming.

In my rendition, he holds in his hands items that will determine the future existence of the Pueblo People.  The knotted cord in his left hand was used to determine when the Revolt would begin.  (As to how many knots were used is debatable, but I feel that it must have taken many days to plan and notify most of the Pueblos.)  The bear fetish in his right hand symbolizes the center of the Pueblo world, the Pueblo religion.  The pot behind him symbolizes the Pueblo culture, and the deerskin he wears is a humble symbol of his status as a provider.  The necklace that he wears is a constant reminder of where life began, and his clothing consists of a loin cloth and moccasins in Pueblo fashion.  His hair is cut in Pueblo tradition and bound in a chongo.  On his back are the scars that remain from the whipping he received for his participation and faith in the Pueblo ceremonies  and religion."

--Cliff Fragua             

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